SeptemA NASA robotic space probe was lost when its path went too close to Mars and it disintegrated. The Technical Failure Was Not Enough to Cause This CrashĬhallenger, January 28, Columbia, FebruTechnical Failure: O-ring Failure Foam Shedding Human Failure: Normalization of Deviance (5) NASA Organizational Structure All 7 crew members were killed Images Sources: Nasa and Public Domain Repeated Incidents were allowed to continue occurring and were interpreted as a system robustness The crew reacted incorrectly and ultimately caused the aircraft to enter an aerodynamic stall from which it did not recover. The aircraft crashed after temporary inconsistencies between the airspeed measurements – the pilot tubes were obstructed by ice crystals which caused the autopilot to disengage. Technical Failure: Ice covered the airspeed tubes causing the autopilot to disengage Cockpit designed for best case Human Failure: Inadequate crew training/experience Plane put at an Angle of Attack of 41 degrees, leading to aerodynamic stall Air France: The airbus A330, entered an aerodynamic stall from which it did not recover and crashed into the Atlantic Ocean, killing all 228 people on board. ~Mental Models Govern Behaviors~ Flawed Mental Models Accurate Mental Models Inflexible Flexibility and Resilience Incorrect assumptions Adaptable to Change Belief (influenced our beliefs and moral code) Behavior (MM are the greatest influence on behavior)ġ0 The Technical Failure Was Not Enough to Cause This CrashĪir France Flight 447 JCommercial flight from Brazil to France crashed in the ocean at a descent rate of 11,000 ft/min. Mental Models are usually founded on unquantifiable, obscure, or incomplete facts. Increasing Leverage Source: Image Adapted from The Fifth Discipline by Peter Senge Mental Models Exert Great Influence on Outcomes and Events Different Mental Models Limit Effective Communication Mental models can help shape behavior and set an approach to solving problems (akin to a personal algorithm) and doing tasks.
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Mental Models Functions Filter Algorithm Viewpoint Plan Cognitive Filter Image source: Filter (of information) Algorithm (a code of how we will react to and function in the world) Viewpoint (What we project through our MM)Ī Filter Tunnel Vision Functional Fixedness Correspondence Bias Innate Bias “Intuition” Availability Heuristic Ontological Anxiety Image source: Ian Webster It is a representation of the surrounding world, the relationships between its various parts and a person's intuitive perception about his or her own acts and their consequences. Non-Linear Absence of Knowledge Interactions Difficult to Model Human + Complex System = Socio-Technical System Socio-Technical System Humans Technology Mental Models BehaviorĦ Human Mental Models Mental Model – a collection of assumptions, generalizations, and past experiences that guide how we perceive the world and how we take action. 5 Hurricane Matthew Image Source: National Weather Service
Introduction System – a collection of different elements that together produce results not obtainable by the elements alone (1) System Engineering – the engineering discipline that endeavors to perfect human outcomes (2) Systems Engineering Complex Systems Socio-Technical Systems Human Mental ModelsĤ Complex Systems Comprised of many interacting entities, processes, or agents, the understanding of which requires new tools, nonlinear models, and computer simulations (3) ~Complicated versus Complex~ Chopard Geneve Men’s Watch Image source: Chopard of Switzerland Cat. Senge Iceberg Model Impacts of Mental Models Remarks Future Research Questions Dale Thomas UAH ISEEM/Bastion Technologies Inc.Ģ Topics Introduction Complex Systems Human Mental Models
Research on Complex Systems and Human Mental Models in Engineered Systems Elizabeth Patterson Advisor: L.
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